15 Erosión genética a raíz de la filoxera
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LUIS GONZAGA SANTESTEBAN GARCÍA
VITICULTURA Y ENOLOGÍA / MAHASTIZAINTZA ETA ENOLOGIA
PÉRDIDA DE MATERIAL GENÉTICO / MATERIAL GENETIKOAREN GALERA
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| En el material vegetal el principal problema es la erosión genética, que es transversal a todos los cultivos. Con la filoxera ya hubo una pérdida importante de variedades, porque al tener que reconstruir todo el viñedo la gente optó por material que se comportara bien frente a otras enfermedades también llegadas de América, como el oídio y el mildiu. A esa época corresponde la expansión de la garnacha frente a otras variedades, que o se perdieron o se seguían multiplicando de manera residual. Cuando en la década de 1970-1980 se fueron reconstituyendo viñedos con un modelo de planta de viñedo, las variedades siguieron disminuyendo. |